Im so sorry you are going through this stressful time. We had a distressing scan earlier in the year and took the option of a CVS. We wanted to get results as quickly as possible to allow us time to make decisions / get support if required.
The CVS carries a slightly higher chance of miscarriage as the needle takes tissue from the placenta (2% miscarriage risk as opposed to 1% risk with amnio).
The CVS initially gives results for Downs, Patau or Edwards. They also check for other, more rare, chromosome abnormailties but they can take longer (I was told up to 2 weeks).
The procedure itself is uncomfortable but is over quickly. Mine took about 45 seconds. Firstly I was given a very detailed scan and they checked the position of the placenta. They wont do it if the needle will be near baby or your bladder etc. They will scan you during the insertion of the needle to ensure it gets tissue from the placenta. I didnt watch, and neither could my OH. Once it was over I had some strong cramping. I took painkillers with me to take afterwards. They also took a blood sample to distinguish mine from baby's. They will scan after the procedure to ensure baby isnt distressed.
I also took some fizzy juice as I felt quite sick and shaky afterwards but I think that was more to do with the stress and adrenaline. I was told to rest for 24 hours afterwards and avoid lifting etc to reduce risk of miscarriage. I felt a bit sore but similar to period pains and it eased quickly over the first day.
I got my results back a little over 48 hours later by phone.
Best of luck with whatever decision you make. I hope your lo is fine. Big hugs x