Clomid is generally taken orally from cd3-7, but it can be taken cd2-6, cd4-8, or cd5-9, and I've even heard of cd1-5 but that's rare. I'm not sure about provera but if it is the same as prometrium (a vaginal progesterone), I (tmi alert) insert it vaginally 2x's a day. Once in the morning and once at night. Also, if provera is essentially the same as promethium then it is not used to shorten cycles but to prevent a miscarriage should you actually fall pregnant. Your cycles are long because you either don't ovulate or ovulate late as the time after you ovulate (luteal phase) is always the same # of days. The clomid is what will hopefully make you ovulate or ovulate sooner.
As for the bloods I'm not completely sure, but I know a few (I had mine done over a year ago). I know that I didn't have 7 different blood tests but this is some of what I had: I had fsh and I believe estradiol on cd3. I think prolactin was taken then too. My progesterone was only taken 1x at cd21 (or more accurately 7dpo). But if you're on provera it won't be a true result, as that puts more progesterone in your system. Are they doing bloods this cycle and then you start the meds next cycle? I can look at my medical records later today and tell you more specifics on the bloods. How come your doctor didn't tell you any of the anwers to these questions? Did you get information overload or 'deer caught in headlights syndrome'?...it's happened to me too!