Alright so, with regards to the measles outbreak in England and Wales, there are a few things I want to point out.
1) Of the 2016 cases, no where does it ever specify how many of those cases are in unvaccinated children. I would also like to point out that no where does it specifically that this outbreak started because of an unvaccinated child.
2) In every article I've read on this, no where does it say that this outbreak started specifically from an unvaccinated teenager. Yes of course they are able to catch measles, just like vaccinated people can too, but that doesn't mean that this outbreak is solely because of them. I haven't read that anywhere. In every article I read, it says that these unvaccinated teens are more at risk . . not that they are causing the outbreak.
3) "Almost 70 per cent of cases were in children under 18 and the majority were under five." Source: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/measles-cases-at-18year-high-as-children-are-left-unvaccinated-8486573.html Again, this verifiest that we do not know that this outbreak started with an unvaccinated teen. Most of these cases are happening in children under 5 despite the fact that MMR vaccines are being given at a record high because kids under 5 are still developing their immune systems . . they aren't as strong as most teenagers' or adults' immune systems.
4) From what I've read, the outbreak is largely happening in Sussex where one in seven children do not get vaccinated. Again, this is no way shows that this measles outbreak started because of an unvaccinated child . . this is merely just showing that 1 in 7 kids aren't vaccinated. I also want to point out how contageous measles is whether or not you're vaccinated.
I think that a lot more information needs to be gathered on this outbreak before anyone can say that unvaccinated children/teens are causing it. Again, the only thing I've read about unvaccinated children/teens in these articles is that they are more susceptible to contracting measles than vaccinated children/teens. I think the titles in most of these articles are actually really misleading IMO.
With regards to the BMJ study you posted, I didn't find anything again that specifically states that unvaccinated children are causing these diseases. Unless I make an account on their site I can't read the whole study, but from what I have read, this is the only thing I found regarding unvaccinated children "Cases are occurring in inadequately vaccinated children and in young adults, leading to concerns that endemic measles could re-emerge." which I'm assuming derives from these numbers "449 confirmed cases to the end of May 2006 compared with 77 in 2005, and the first death since 1992". Again, from what I can see, it doesn't ever state how many of the 449 cases are actually in unvaccinated children/young adults, only that they are occuring in them and we already know how contagious measles are. The only other part of it I was able to read that I wanted to comment on was this: "Measles remains a leading cause of vaccine preventable death worldwide. In 2004 an estimated 454 000 deaths were due to measles. Mortality from measles is highest in children aged less than 12 months." These 454,000 deaths are worldwide, and death is highest in children under 12 months of age. Again, I can't read the whole study, but this doesn't talk about the living conditions, hygiene, etc of these people, especially the babies. There's a lot to take into consideration here when we're talking about the spread of disease besides just vaccinations.
With regards to the last article, the one about the outbreak in the U.S, these are the comments I wanted to make:
1) "From 1991 to 2004, the number of unvaccinated children in states allowing philosophical exemptions more than doubled, found a study in Journal of the American Medical Association. Granting exceptions to vaccine requirements has helped foster outbreaks, research shows. " Yes, more exemptions are being made by parents, but this article never linked the "research" showing that granting exceptions to vaccine requirements fosters outbreaks.
2) "In some counties in Washington state, for example, up to one in four children are exempt from vaccine requirements, according to a 2009 study in The New England Journal of Medicine. One of these under-vaccinated communities, Vashon Island, near Seattle, has been hit with repeated outbreaks of whooping cough, Offit says" This article never said how often these repeated outbreaks were, but I wanted to point out that whooping cough comes and gos naturally every 3-5 years: "Pertussis is naturally cyclic in nature, with peaks in disease every 3-5 years."