What is slapped cheek syndrome?
Slapped cheek syndrome, also known as fifth disease, is caused by a virus called parvovirus B19. The main symptom is a blotchy red rash on your face. Other symptoms can include a headache, mild fever and sore throat.
However, in about 20-30% of infections, there are no symptoms.
Slapped cheek syndrome usually affects children. Its thought that once youve been infected, youre immune for the rest of your life. Studies have shown that 60% of adults in the UK have antibodies to parvovirus B19.
Its difficult to avoid contact with people who have slapped cheek syndrome, because they may have no symptoms. Once the rash appears, the person is no longer contagious.
Complications during pregnancy
If you get slapped cheek syndrome during your first 20 weeks of pregnancy, theres an increased risk of miscarriage.
If you become infected during weeks 9 to 20 of your pregnancy, theres also a small risk that the baby will develop foetal hydrops. This is a serious condition, where a build-up of fluid develops in the babys body, causing complications such as heart failure and anaemia. Some babies can recover from foetal hydrops; however, the condition can be fatal.
Theres no evidence that having slapped cheek syndrome during pregnancy causes birth defects or development problems later in childhood.