Kendra got it right. Sorry in advance for the TMI but this is what I've found/been told so far: If the results come back again with no sperm present, he has to go through a series of tests to determine whether he is just not producing sperm or he is producing them but not ejaculating them. They'll do a physical exam, blood testing, and ultrasound to see if they can find any blockages. If they do, they can go in with a needle or surgically to try to find some for IUI or IVF. Right now we're hoping it is just retrograde ejaculation which is a condition where the opening to the bladder doesn't completely close up and the semen backs up into his bladder and is expelled in the urine. DH has noticed that his urine is foamy after we BD so that could be a sign of retrograde ejaculation. If that is what he has, they can treat the urine so they can harvest viable sperm from it to again use for IUI or IFV. That seems like the easiest to diagnose and the least invasive so if our results come back the same we are hoping and praying that is all it is.